GENEVA: One in four jobs globally could be transformed by generative AI (GenAI), according to a new report by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and Poland’s National Research Institute (NASK). But the study makes it clear—transformation is more likely than replacement.
Launched on May 20, the report titled “Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure” offers the most detailed analysis yet of GenAI’s potential impact on employment. The index is based on nearly 30,000 tasks across occupations, combined with expert reviews and AI-assisted scoring.
According to the findings, 25% of all jobs globally are potentially exposed to GenAI, with a greater share in high-income countries (34%). Clerical roles, especially those involving repetitive tasks, are most at risk. Women are more likely to be affected—9.6% of female jobs in wealthy nations face high automation exposure, compared to 3.5% of male roles.
Despite this, full automation remains rare. Many tasks still need human input, even if AI boosts productivity. Instead, jobs in media, software, and finance may evolve as GenAI grows more capable. The key lies in adapting roles rather than replacing them.
Lead author Pawel Gmyrek said the index goes beyond theory. “It’s grounded in real-world jobs and helps countries act with precision.”
The study urges governments and employers to use this data to guide fair digital transitions. Social dialogue and policy interventions will play a crucial role in preserving job quality in rapidly changing industries.
